Thermocouples

Thermoelectric Effect: The working principle of a custom thermocouple is based on the Seebeck effect, which states that a voltage, also known as Seebeck voltage, is induced if the junctions of two different metals are at different temperatures.

Temperature Measurement: The amount of voltage produced is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the junctions. This voltage can be measured and used to calculate the temperature.

Signal Conversion: The voltage signal from the thermocouple is usually converted by a temperature transmitter into a more useful output signal that can be read by control systems.

Seebeck Effect: A thermocouple produces electricity through the Seebeck effect. When two different metals are joined together and the junctions are at different temperatures, a voltage is induced.

Temperature Difference: The voltage produced is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. Temperature-measuring instrument manufacturers can accurately measure this voltage and calculate the temperature. The hot junction, or measuring junction, is exposed to the temperature to be measured, while the cold junction, or reference junction, is kept at a constant known temperature.

Voltage Generation: The temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions causes electrons to move from the hot junction towards the cold junction, creating a voltage. This voltage can be measured and used to determine the temperature of the hot junction.